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Chronic Dehydration in Nursing Home Residents
Masaaki Nagae1, Hiroyuki Umegaki1, Joji Onishi1
1Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan.
Nutrients
|November 25, 2020
Summary
Chronic dehydration in nursing homes is linked to dementia and higher BMI, not ultrasound measurements. Cognitive function and body weight are key factors for prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Internal Medicine
- Diagnostic Imaging
Background:
- Chronic dehydration is a significant risk in nursing home residents due to prolonged insufficient fluid intake.
- Limited research exists on chronic dehydration, necessitating novel diagnostic approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify risk factors for chronic dehydration in elderly nursing home residents.
- To assess the utility of ultrasound-based inferior vena cava (IVC) and IVC collapsibility index (IVC-CI) measurements for diagnosing chronic dehydration.
Main Methods:
- Serum osmolality was measured in 108 Japanese nursing home residents (≥65 years).
- Ultrasound was used to measure IVC diameter and IVC-CI.
- Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to determine associations.
Main Results:
- 16.9% of residents exhibited chronic dehydration (serum osmolality ≥295 mOsm/kg).
- Dementia (OR, 6.290) and higher Body Mass Index (BMI) (OR, 1.471) were significantly associated with chronic dehydration.
- IVC and IVC-CI measurements did not correlate with chronic dehydration status.
Conclusions:
- Dementia and elevated BMI are risk factors for chronic dehydration in this population.
- Ultrasound-based IVC assessment is not a reliable diagnostic tool for chronic dehydration in nursing home residents.
- Preventive strategies should consider residents' cognitive function and body weight.
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