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Novel Papaverine Metal Complexes with Potential Anticancer Activities.

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Novel papaverine-metal complexes were synthesized to enhance anticancer properties. The papaverine-gold(III) complex demonstrated superior anticancer activity against breast and liver cancer cells compared to papaverine alone and cisplatin, with good biocompatibility.

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X-ray structureantibacterialanticancerbioactive metal complexnanostructurepapaverinepharmacological application

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Area of Science:

  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Drug Discovery
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Cancer remains a leading global cause of mortality, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Papaverine, an opium alkaloid, exhibits selective antitumor properties, but its efficacy can be limited.
  • Metal complexation is a promising approach to enhance the biological activity of existing drugs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel metal complexes of papaverine with vanadium(III), ruthenium(III), and gold(III).
  • To evaluate the in vitro anticancer and antimicrobial activities of these novel complexes.
  • To investigate the potential of papaverine-metal complexes as improved anticancer agents.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of papaverine-vanadium(III), ruthenium(III), and gold(III) complexes.
  • Structural characterization using spectroscopic methods (IR, UV-Vis, NMR, TGA, XRD, SEM).
  • In vitro anticancer activity assessment against human breast cancer (MCF-7) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2) cell lines.

Main Results:

  • The papaverine-gold(III) complex exhibited significant in vitro anticancer and antimicrobial activities.
  • The gold(III) complex demonstrated enhanced anticancer efficacy compared to papaverine alone against both cell lines.
  • The papaverine-gold(III) complex showed superior anticancer activity against MCF-7 cells compared to cisplatin.
  • Biocompatibility studies indicated lower toxicity for the gold(III) complex (IC50 ≈ 111 µg/mL) than papaverine alone.

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized papaverine-gold(III) complex is a promising anticancer agent with improved efficacy and reduced toxicity.
  • Metal complexation effectively enhanced the therapeutic potential of papaverine.
  • The papaverine-gold(III) complex warrants further investigation in preclinical in vivo studies for cancer treatment.