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Prevalence & features of inner ear malformations among children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss: A Public
Jawwad Ahmed1, Ghulam Saqulain2, Muhammad Iqbal Javed Khan3
1Dr. Jawwad Ahmed, FCPS (Otolaryngology), Associate Surgeon, Department of Otolaryngology & Cochlear Implantation, Capital Hospital PGMI, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Insights
Inner ear malformations (IEMs) affect 10% of children with congenital profound hearing loss. Common anomalies include cochlear malformations, with no significant link to gender or age.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Pediatric Audiology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Congenital profound hearing loss (CPHL) in children often involves inner ear anomalies.
- Early identification of inner ear malformations (IEMs) is crucial for effective cochlear implant candidacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence and characteristics of inner ear anomalies in children with CPHL.
- To analyze imaging findings in relation to demographic and audiological data.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective chart review of 481 children (1-12 years) with CPHL.
- Analysis of demographic, audiological, and computed tomography (CT) temporal bone findings.
- Statistical analysis using SPSS 22.
Main Results:
- Inner ear malformations (IEMs) were identified in 10% (48/481) of children.
- Common anomalies included Common Cavity Anomaly (CLA), Cochlear Hypoplasia type III (CH-III), and CH-II.
- No significant association was found between IEMs and gender or age of presentation.
Conclusions:
- The prevalence of IEMs in children with CPHL is 10%.
- CLA, CH-III, and CH-II are the most frequent anomalies.
- Gender and age of presentation do not significantly correlate with the type of inner ear anomaly.
Objective:
To determine the prevalence and features of inner ear anomalies in children with congenital profound hearing loss who presented at our cochlear implant center based on imaging studies.
Methods:
This retrospective study reviewed charts of children with congenital SNHL, who presented to Department of Otolaryngology & Auditory Implant Centre, Capital Hospital Islamabad over a period of 2 years from 1st May 2017 to 30th April 2019. These included 481 cases of both genders aged between 1 to 12 years. After gathering demographic data, audiological data, computed tomography findings of the temporal bone were analyzed. Data was analyzed using SPSS 22.
Results:
The Inner Ear Malformations were identified in 48(10%) children including 28 (58.33%) males and 20 (41.67%) female. Most 20(41.67%) presented at >3-5 years of age followed by 19(39.58%) at 2-3 years. However, no significant association of gender (p=0.57, p=0.076) and age of presentation (p=0.344, p=0.697) for right and left ears was noted with inner ear malformations. The most common anomaly noted were CLA, CH-III and CH-II in decreasing order of frequency in both ears.
Conclusion:
The prevalence of IEM's was found to be 48(10%). Commonest anomalies noted were CLA, CH-III and CH-II. No significant association of gender and age of presentation was noted with type of anomaly in both ears.
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