Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Multiple Allele Traits01:49

Multiple Allele Traits

37.0K
The Concept of Multiple Allelism
37.0K
Pleiotropy01:33

Pleiotropy

42.4K
Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
42.4K
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

9.2K
The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
9.2K
Lethal Alleles02:41

Lethal Alleles

17.3K
Agouti: A Lethal Allele
Lucien Cuénot discovered lethal alleles in 1905 while studying the inheritance of coat color in mice. The agouti gene is responsible for the color of the coat in mice. This gene codes for an agouti-signaling protein, which is responsible for melanin distribution in mammals. The wild-type allele gives rise to gray-brown coat color in mice, while the mutant allele gives rise to yellow coat color. In addition to coat color, the agouti gene is associated with the yellow...
17.3K
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

191
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
191
Epistasis01:39

Epistasis

49.1K
In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
49.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Role of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) in the Primary Prevention of Allergic Diseases in Children: A Position Paper of the SIAIP Primary and Secondary Prevention of Allergic Diseases and Nutraceuticals Committees.

Nutrients·2026
Same author

Ibuprofen vs. acetaminophen for acute mild-to-moderate pain management: A systematic review and meta-analysis of safety with a focus on paediatric populations.

British journal of clinical pharmacology·2026
Same author

The Evaluation initiative: management of rhinitis by Italian otorhinolaryngologists.

Multidisciplinary respiratory medicine·2026
Same author

Novelties in the pragmatic management of anaphylaxis in pediatric age.

European journal of pediatrics·2026
Same author

Management of acute otitis media with otorrhea in Italian pediatric practice: a national survey.

Italian journal of pediatrics·2026
Same author

Clinical and Mechanistic Evidence for Comano Thermal Water: A Narrative Review.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 28, 2025

Investigating the Pathogenesis of MYH7 Mutation Gly823Glu in Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy using a Mouse Model
03:45

Investigating the Pathogenesis of MYH7 Mutation Gly823Glu in Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy using a Mouse Model

Published on: August 8, 2022

4.0K

HMGB1: A pleiotropic activity.

Laura Colavita1, Giorgio Ciprandi2, Annamaria Salpietro3

  • 1Unit of Pediatric Emergency, Department of Adult and Childhood Human Pathology, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy.

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology : Official Publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
|November 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary

High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that acts as an alarmin in inflammation. Elevated HMGB1 levels in various bodily fluids indicate inflammation and suggest potential therapeutic targets, including for COVID-19.

Keywords:
HMGB1biomarkerinflammationtarget therapy

More Related Videos

A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging
09:37

A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging

Published on: July 14, 2016

8.6K
Tools to Study the Role of Architectural Protein HMGB1 in the Processing of Helix Distorting, Site-specific DNA Interstrand Crosslinks
12:19

Tools to Study the Role of Architectural Protein HMGB1 in the Processing of Helix Distorting, Site-specific DNA Interstrand Crosslinks

Published on: November 10, 2016

8.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 28, 2025

Investigating the Pathogenesis of MYH7 Mutation Gly823Glu in Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy using a Mouse Model
03:45

Investigating the Pathogenesis of MYH7 Mutation Gly823Glu in Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy using a Mouse Model

Published on: August 8, 2022

4.0K
A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging
09:37

A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging

Published on: July 14, 2016

8.6K
Tools to Study the Role of Architectural Protein HMGB1 in the Processing of Helix Distorting, Site-specific DNA Interstrand Crosslinks
12:19

Tools to Study the Role of Architectural Protein HMGB1 in the Processing of Helix Distorting, Site-specific DNA Interstrand Crosslinks

Published on: November 10, 2016

8.5K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein crucial for DNA dynamics.
  • Extracellular HMGB1 functions as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule, also known as an alarmin.
  • HMGB1 is implicated in initiating and sustaining inflammatory responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of HMGB1 as an early biomarker in inflammatory diseases.
  • To highlight the significance of HMGB1 detection in various biological samples.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting HMGB1, including in COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating HMGB1 in inflammatory conditions.
  • Analysis of HMGB1 concentrations in serum and localized bodily fluids.
  • Correlation of HMGB1 levels with disease severity and inflammation.

Main Results:

  • Increased HMGB1 concentrations are observed in serum, reflecting systemic inflammation.
  • Elevated HMGB1 is detected in specific fluids like synovial fluid, sputum, and cerebrospinal fluid, indicating local inflammation.
  • HMGB1 serves as a sensitive early biomarker for both acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.

Conclusions:

  • HMGB1 is a critical mediator of inflammation and a valuable biomarker.
  • Measuring HMGB1 in diverse clinical samples aids in diagnosing and monitoring inflammatory conditions.
  • Targeting HMGB1 presents promising therapeutic avenues for inflammatory diseases, potentially including COVID-19.