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Molecular mechanisms and pharmacological interventions in the replication cycle of human coronaviruses

Fernando Moreira Simabuco1, Rodrigo Esaki Tamura2, Isadora Carolina Betim Pavan1,3

  • 1Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas (FCA), Laboratório Multidisciplinar em Alimentos e Saúde (LABMAS), Limeira, SP, Brazil.

Genetics and Molecular Biology
|November 25, 2020
PubMed

Insights

This review details the cellular mechanisms of human coronavirus replication, focusing on the SARS-CoV-2 replication transcription complex and host-pathogen interactions. It also explores current pharmacological interventions for COVID-19, aiding future research.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV, are significant human pathogens.
  • COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, presents with symptoms like cough, fever, and pneumonia, impacting millions globally.
  • Understanding coronavirus replication is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the cellular mechanisms of human coronavirus replication.
  • To elucidate the molecular events of the coronavirus replication transcription complex (RTC).
  • To examine viral protein and host cell protein interactions and their implications.
  • To discuss current pharmacological interventions targeting COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cellular mechanisms in coronavirus replication.
  • Analysis of viral protein-host interactions.
  • Review of pharmacological interventions and their molecular targets.

Main Results:

  • Detailed overview of the unique molecular events within the coronavirus RTC.
  • Identification of key host-pathogen interactions influencing coronavirus biology.
  • Summary of current drug development strategies and their mechanisms of action against SARS-CoV-2.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of SARS-CoV-2 replication is essential for developing targeted therapies.
  • Further research into viral replication and host interactions can guide the development of novel antiviral drugs.
  • This review provides a foundation for future studies on COVID-19 pathogenesis and treatment.

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