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Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
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Updated: Nov 28, 2025

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[Mindfulness based interventions for children and adolescents].

Russia Hà-Vinh Leuchter1, Vanessa Siffredi1,2, Mariana Magnus Smith3

  • 1Service du développement et de la croissance, Département de la femme, de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, HUG, 1211 Genève 14.

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Mindfulness-based interventions show promise for children and adolescents in schools and clinics, improving psychological health and executive functions. Further rigorous research is needed before widespread implementation.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) are increasingly studied in pediatric populations.
  • Existing research explores MBI in both school and clinical settings for children and adolescents.
  • Scientific literature is growing, indicating rising interest in MBI for youth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current scientific literature on mindfulness-based interventions for children and adolescents.
  • To evaluate the effects of MBI on psychological health and cognitive functions in youth.
  • To identify the need for methodologically robust studies before large-scale implementation.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies on MBI for children and adolescents.
  • Analysis of interventions conducted in school and clinical settings.
  • Assessment of outcomes related to psychological health, executive functions, and socio-emotional skills.

Main Results:

  • Promising effects of MBI observed in school settings on psychological health (stress, anxiety, depression, externalized behaviors) and executive functions.
  • In clinical settings, MBI demonstrates positive effects on stress, anxiety, depression, and core symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
  • Current findings are encouraging but highlight limitations in study methodologies.

Conclusions:

  • MBI show potential benefits for improving mental health and cognitive skills in children and adolescents.
  • Evidence suggests efficacy in both general school populations and clinical groups, including those with ADHD.
  • High-quality research is essential to confirm these benefits and guide the widespread adoption of MBI for youth.