Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Interference: Path Lengths

Interference: Path Lengths

Consider two sources of sound, that may or may not be in phase, emitting waves at a single frequency, and consider the frequencies to be the same.
Two special sources may be considered when they are in phase. This can be easily achieved by feeding the two sources from the same source. An example would be synchronizing the two speakers by feeding them with the same source, such as the sound waves produced by a tuning fork. This setup ensures that the two sources have the same frequency and are...

Interference and Decay

Interference and Decay

Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...

Causes of Similarity-Dissimilarity Effect

Causes of Similarity-Dissimilarity Effect

The similarity-dissimilarity effect, a fundamental concept in social psychology, explains how interpersonal similarities and differences influence attraction and social interactions. This effect is supported by three key psychological perspectives: balance theory, social comparison theory, and consensual validation.Balance Theory and Cognitive ConsistencyBalance theory, developed by Fritz Heider, posits that individuals seek cognitive consistency in their relationships. When two people share...

Sound Waves: Interference

Sound Waves: Interference

Sound waves can be modeled either as longitudinal waves, wherein the molecules of the medium oscillate around an equilibrium position, or as pressure waves. When two identical waves from the same source superimpose on each other, the combination of two crests or two troughs results in amplitude reinforcement known as constructive interference. If two identical waves, that are initially in phase, become out of phase because of different path lengths, the combination of crests with troughs...

Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon

Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon

The tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) phenomenon is a cognitive experience characterized by a temporary inability to retrieve specific information from memory despite having a strong feeling of knowing the information. Although individuals cannot access the target word or detail, they frequently recall related elements, such as its initial letter, syllable count, or context. This partial retrieval often causes frustration, as one might recognize a familiar face or know that a name starts with a specific...

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Phoneme and Stress Programming Interact During Nonword Repetition Learning.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR·2020

Same author

A Novel Investigation of Generalized Motor Program Theory: Syllable Stress as a Motor-Class Variable.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR·2017

Same author

Voxel-Based Lesion Symptom Mapping of Coarse Coding and Suppression Deficits in Patients With Right Hemisphere Damage.

American journal of speech-language pathology·2015

Same author

Contextual Constraint Treatment for coarse coding deficit in adults with right hemisphere brain damage: generalisation to narrative discourse comprehension.

Neuropsychological rehabilitation·2014

Same author

Activation and maintenance of peripheral semantic features of unambiguous words after right hemisphere brain damage in adults.

Aphasiology·2011

Same author

Coarse coding and discourse comprehension in adults with right hemisphere brain damage.

Aphasiology·2011

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 28, 2025

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

Dissimilar Phonemes Create a Contextual Interference Effect During a Nonword Repetition Task.

Kimberly M Meigh¹, Elisabeth Kee¹

¹Speech Motor Control Lab, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States.

Frontiers in Psychology

|November 26, 2020

Summary

Practicing speech with dissimilar phonemes improves learning of new tasks, unlike similar phonemes which aid initial training accuracy. This finding highlights the importance of phonemic dissimilarity in speech motor learning.

Keywords:

contextual interference motor learning phoneme phonemic complexity speech

More Related Videos

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: May 9, 2019

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Published on: September 5, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 28, 2025

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: May 9, 2019

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Published on: September 5, 2019

Area of Science:

Motor learning
Speech-language pathology
Cognitive psychology

Background:

The contextual interference effect enhances motor learning for new tasks when practice conditions are varied.
Speech motor learning research shows mixed results, potentially due to stimulus differences.
Dissimilar phonemes may induce interference, impacting speech motor learning outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if phonemic dissimilarity in nonwords influences speech motor learning and generalization.
To test the hypothesis that dissimilar phonemes decrease training accuracy but increase transfer accuracy.

Main Methods:

Thirty adults with typical speech and hearing completed a cross-over design study.
Participants underwent nonword repetition training with similar or dissimilar phonemes.
Percent consonants correct measured accuracy during training and transfer stages.

Main Results:

A contextual interference effect was observed based on phonemic similarity.
Similar phonemes yielded higher accuracy during training.
Dissimilar phonemes resulted in higher accuracy during the transfer stage.

Conclusions:

The hypothesis was supported: dissimilar phonemes enhanced accuracy in the transfer phase.
Phonemic dissimilarity creates contextual interference, influencing speech motor learning.
Linguistic properties of stimuli are crucial for speech motor learning and generalization.