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The Role of the Thyroid Axis in Fish
1Departments of Biology and Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
Frontiers in Endocrinology
|November 26, 2020
Summary
The thyroid axis regulates vital functions in fish, including growth and reproduction. This review explores its roles across diverse fish groups and its applications in aquaculture.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Comparative Vertebrate Physiology
Background:
- The thyroid axis is a crucial endocrine feedback system in vertebrates, regulating homeostasis.
- While extensively studied in mammals, knowledge gaps exist for non-mammalian vertebrates, especially fish.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the multifaceted roles of the thyroid axis in fish.
- To highlight its contributions to growth, development, reproduction, and environmental adaptation.
- To discuss its applications and potential threats in aquaculture.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing research on the thyroid axis in fish.
- Synthesis of findings across different fish taxa, including teleosts, elasmobranchs, and cyclostomes.
Main Results:
- The thyroid axis is integral to fish somatic growth, metamorphosis, reproduction, osmoregulation, and metabolism.
- Significant knowledge gaps persist for elasmobranchs and cyclostomes compared to teleosts.
- Thyroid hormones have established and potential uses in aquaculture.
Conclusions:
- The thyroid axis is a key regulator of diverse physiological processes in fish.
- Further research is needed to fully understand its function in understudied fish groups.
- Understanding the thyroid axis is critical for sustainable aquaculture practices.
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