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Updated: Nov 28, 2025

Estimating Bilateral Atrial Function by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Published on: July 20, 2022
Atrial Fibrillation Structural Substrates: Aetiology, Identification and Implications
Ahmed M Al-Kaisey1,2, Ramanathan Parameswaran1,2, Jonathan M Kalman1,2
1Department of Cardiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Abstract:
Atrial remodelling in AF underlines the electrical, structural and mechanical changes in the atria of patients with AF. Several risk factors for AF contribute to the development of the atrial substrate, with some evidence that atrial remodelling reversal is possible with targeted intervention. In this article, the authors review the electrophysiological changes that characterise the atrial substrate in patients with AF risk factors. They also discuss the pitfalls of mapping the atrial substrate and the implications for developing tailored ablation strategies to improve outcomes in patients with AF.
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