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Association Between Physical Performance and Cognitive Function in Older Adults Across Multiple Studies: A Pooled

Elizabeth P Handing¹, Xiaoyan Iris Leng², Stephen B Kritchevsky¹

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.

Innovation in Aging

|November 26, 2020

Summary

Older adults consistently show better physical function when cognitive function is higher. The Digit Symbol Substitution Task had the strongest link between cognitive and physical performance across diverse health conditions.

Keywords:

Cognition Diversity Function/mobility Measurement

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Published on: February 14, 2014

Area of Science:

Gerontology
Neuroscience
Kinesiology

Background:

The relationship between cognitive and physical function is well-documented but its consistency across diverse health conditions remains unclear.
This study investigated the association between cognitive and physical performance in older adults with various health issues.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine the consistency of the association between cognitive and physical function performance in older adults with heterogeneous health conditions.
To identify which cognitive measures show the strongest association with physical function.

Main Methods:

Analysis of data from 1,388 adults aged 50+ from 17 clinical studies.
Utilized linear regression to associate cognitive measures (MMSE, MoCA, DSST) with physical measures (SPPB, grip strength).
Controlled for age, sex, race, and BMI in all models.

Main Results:

Significant positive associations were found between all cognitive measures and physical function (SPPB).
The Digit Symbol Substitution Task (DSST) demonstrated the strongest association with physical function (SPPB score, b = 0.75, p < .001).
Associations remained significant for gait speed, chair rise, and standing balance.

Conclusions:

Older adults with diverse health conditions exhibit a consistent link between higher cognitive function and better physical function.
The DSST is a particularly strong indicator of physical function in this population.
Findings highlight the interconnectedness of cognitive and physical health in aging.