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Related Concept Videos

Steps in Outbreak Investigation01:18

Steps in Outbreak Investigation

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In the ever-evolving field of public health, statistical analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding and managing disease outbreaks. By leveraging various statistical tools, health professionals can predict potential outbreaks, analyze ongoing situations, and devise effective responses to mitigate impact. For that to happen, there are a few possible stages of the analysis:
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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 28, 2025

Large-Scale SARS-CoV-2 Testing Utilizing Saliva and Transposition Sample Pooling
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[Future testing for SARS-CoV-2: not only more but smarter].

Emmi Andersson1, Anders Sönnerborg2

  • 1med dr, specialistläkare, klinisk mikrobiologi, Karolinska universitetslaboratoriet; institutionen för laboratoriemedicin, Karolinska institutet, Stockholm.

Lakartidningen
|November 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for COVID-19 diagnosis but may remain positive long after infectiousness. Antigen tests offer a rapid alternative for infection control.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical diagnostics
  • Virology
  • Public health

Background:

  • SARS-CoV-2 PCR tests are essential for COVID-19 diagnosis and surveillance.
  • Viral shedding, indicating infectiousness, is highest around symptom onset.
  • SARS-CoV-2 PCR positivity can persist for months, not correlating with current infectiousness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the role of SARS-CoV-2 PCR in clinical diagnostics and surveillance.
  • To discuss the limitations of PCR tests in reflecting infectiousness.
  • To explore the utility of antigen tests for infection control.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic methods.
  • Analysis of factors influencing PCR test performance (sampling, material, disease stage).
  • Discussion on the implications of false positive results and contamination.

Main Results:

  • SARS-CoV-2 PCR tests are specific and sensitive but may not indicate infectiousness due to prolonged positivity.
  • Self-sampling for mild symptoms prioritizes assessing infectiousness over high sensitivity.
  • False positive tests pose significant risks to individuals and society.
  • Rapid antigen tests are emerging as tools for infection control.

Conclusions:

  • SARS-CoV-2 PCR's prolonged positivity limits its use for determining current infectiousness.
  • Quality assurance and awareness of contamination are critical for reliable PCR testing.
  • Antigen tests present a valuable, rapid option for infection control strategies.