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Sediment Core Sectioning and Extraction of Pore Waters under Anoxic Conditions

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A new method for isolating and analysing coccospheres within sediment.

Beth Langley¹, Paul R Halloran², Ann Power³

¹Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4RJ, UK.

Scientific Reports

|November 27, 2020

Summary

Researchers developed a new method using imaging flow cytometry and cross-polarized light to quickly identify and measure fossil coccospheres in marine sediments. This technique aids in understanding past phytoplankton cell size and its relation to climate change.

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Sediment Core Extrusion Method at Millimeter Resolution Using a Calibrated, Threaded-rod

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Published on: August 17, 2016

Area of Science:

Paleoceanography
Marine Geology
Biogeochemistry

Background:

Cell size is a critical factor influencing phytoplankton physiology and ecological roles.
Fossil coccospheres, calcite structures of coccolithophores, offer insights into past cell sizes but are poorly preserved in sediments.
Traditional methods for analyzing coccospheres are labor-intensive and time-consuming.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a novel, rapid, and reliable technique for isolating and quantifying coccospheres from marine sediments.
To overcome limitations of manual microscopy and improve the analysis of fossil coccosphere morphology and abundance.
To enable efficient processing of sediment records for studying past environmental changes.

Main Methods:

Developed and applied a new technique: imaging flow cytometry combined with cross-polarized light (ISX+PL).
Exploited unique optical and morphological properties of coccospheres for isolation and quantification.
Utilized high-throughput imaging for rapid analysis of large sample volumes, even with low coccosphere concentrations.

Main Results:

The ISX+PL technique allows for rapid visual isolation of hundreds of coccospheres from fine-fraction marine sediments with minimal preparation.
The method provides statistically robust analysis of morphological features and coccosphere concentration.
Demonstrated the feasibility of high-throughput analysis, overcoming constraints of manual methods.

Conclusions:

The ISX+PL technique offers a significant advancement for studying fossil coccolithophores in marine sediments.
This approach facilitates rapid processing of sediment cores and extensive spatial coverage of surface sediments.
The technique holds potential for investigating the relationship between climate change and coccolithophore responses.