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Related Concept Videos

Hair Cells01:22

Hair Cells

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Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.
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The Cochlea01:13

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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Related Experiment Video

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Cochlear Surface Preparation in the Adult Mouse
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Effects of cochlear hair cell ablation on spatial learning/memory.

Z Jason Qian1, Anthony J Ricci2

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|November 27, 2020
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Summary

Isolated sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) impairs spatial learning and memory in mice. Cognitive deficits were observed even without vestibular dysfunction, highlighting SNHL

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Science
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Clinical interest links hearing loss and cognitive impairment.
  • Noise exposure causes hearing loss and cognitive deficits in mice.
  • Distinguishing SNHL effects from noise trauma is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate the effects of SNHL on cognitive function.
  • To investigate the impact of SNHL independent of noise trauma.
  • To examine spatial learning and memory in SNHL models.

Main Methods:

  • Used transgenic mice with diphtheria toxin (DT) receptor in hair cells.
  • Administered DT to selectively ablate cochlear hair cells, causing SNHL.
  • Assessed spatial learning/memory using an automated radial 8-arm maze (RAM).

Main Results:

  • SNHL mice exhibited significantly more working memory errors (WME) and reference memory errors (RME) than wild-type (WT) controls.
  • Duration of SNHL did not affect RAM performance.
  • Acquiring SNHL at a younger age (P30 vs. P60) correlated with fewer WME.

Conclusions:

  • Isolated SNHL negatively impacts cognitive functions, including spatial learning and memory.
  • These cognitive effects occur independently of vestibular dysfunction.
  • Age of SNHL onset influences the severity of cognitive impairment.