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Beyond Activity Space: Detecting Communities in Ecological Networks.

Wenna Xi1, Catherine A Calder2, Christopher R Browning3

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Understanding how people's activity spaces overlap reveals neighborhood functioning. This study introduces a network method to identify "ecological communities" based on shared routine locations, offering insights into urban life.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Urban sociology
  • Network analysis
  • Computational geography

Background:

  • Activity spaces, the locations individuals frequent, offer insights into urban functioning.
  • Overlapping activity spaces between individuals can indicate neighborhood structure and social dynamics.
  • Ecological networks provide a framework for analyzing individual-location interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply a novel network-based method for identifying "ecological communities" based on shared routine activity locations.
  • To analyze the structure of these communities and their relationship with neighborhood characteristics.
  • To explore the implications for neighborhood effects research.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) on data from the Adolescent Health and Development in Context (AHDC) Study.
  • Modeled individuals and their routine activity locations as a two-mode ecological network.
  • Identified latent activity pattern profiles and community assignment vectors.

Main Results:

  • Detected distinct "ecological communities" based on shared activity spaces among individuals.
  • Observed variations in community strength and within-neighborhood consistency across different neighborhoods.
  • Found that these community structures may correlate with neighborhood economic and racial composition.

Conclusions:

  • The concept of "ecological communities" provides a valuable lens for understanding neighborhood functioning and social interactions.
  • This network-based approach offers new avenues for neighborhood effects research.
  • Shared activity spaces are significant indicators of urban social structure and neighborhood dynamics.