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Related Concept Videos

Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

2.7K
A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
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Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery01:19

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

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Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.  
Step 3: Assess the patient's...
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Assessment of apical radial pulse01:25

Assessment of apical radial pulse

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Apical-Radial (A-R) Pulse Assessment
The A-R pulse assessment involves simultaneous evaluation of the apical and radial pulses. When the apical and radial pulse rates vary, this assessment helps identify a pulse deficit.
Pre-Procedural Preparation
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Assessing Body Temperature - Oral01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Oral

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Here are the steps to accurately measure oral temperature using an electronic thermometer:
Step 1:
Start by practicing proper hand hygiene to prevent the spread of microorganisms.
Step 2:
Take the thermometer out of the charging unit, switch it on, and wait for the ready sign.
Step 3:
Gently slide the probe cover until a click is heard. This simple action prevents cross-contamination and ensures the correct placement of the probe cover.
Step 4:
Instruct the patient to open their mouth and place...
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Updated: Nov 28, 2025

Cooling or Warming the Esophagus to Reduce Esophageal Injury During Left Atrial Ablation in the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation
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Temperature and time variations during apical resection.

Ömer Ekici1, Kubilay Aslantaş2, Özgür Kanık3

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.

Acta Odontologica Scandinavica
|November 27, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Different root-end resection methods were tested for temperature and time. Piezo surgery caused the highest temperature increase, but all methods remained within safe limits for root canal treatment.

Keywords:
Apical resectionlaser surgerypiezo surgerytemperature changethermocouple

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Area of Science:

  • Endodontics
  • Dental Materials Science

Background:

  • Root-end resection is a surgical procedure to treat persistent apical periodontitis.
  • Controlling temperature during resection is crucial to prevent thermal damage to surrounding tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare temperature and time variations during root-end resection using different techniques.
  • To evaluate the safety of various apical resection methods.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty human premolars underwent root canal enlargement.
  • Thermocouples measured root dentine temperature during resection (3mm from apex).
  • Six groups used different resection methods: steel bur, tungsten carbide bur, Lindeman bur, diamond bur, laser, and ultrasonic surgical piezo.

Main Results:

  • No significant temperature difference was found between conventional bur groups.
  • Ultrasonic surgical piezo resulted in the highest maximum temperature increase, followed by laser.
  • Lindeman bur showed the least temperature change, with all mean times under one minute.

Conclusions:

  • While ultrasonic surgical piezo generated the highest temperature increase, all tested root-end resection techniques maintained temperatures within physiological limits.
  • The choice of technique may influence thermal effects, but safety is maintained across methods.