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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

760
Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
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Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

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Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
524
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

645
Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
645
Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:
552
Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management

519
Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) involves a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and medication.
519
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Bulk-Forming and Stimulant Laxatives01:22

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Bulk-Forming and Stimulant Laxatives

421
Laxatives enhance bowel movements and alleviate constipation. They augment the stool's bulk, stimulate intestinal muscle contractions, draw water into the intestines, or soften the stool. There are five key types of laxatives: bulk laxatives, stimulant laxatives, osmotic laxatives, stool softeners, and lubricant laxatives.
Bulk-forming laxatives, such as psyllium, methylcellulose, and polycarbophil, absorb water in the intestine, increasing stool bulk and promoting bowel movement. This...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 28, 2025

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupoint Massage for Treating Constipation in a Patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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A Case-Based Approach to Constipation in Primary Care.

David B Snell1, Saamia Faruqui1, Brian P Bosworth2

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, New York University, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.

The Medical Clinics of North America
|November 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Primary care physicians manage constipation by assessing patient history for warning signs. Initial treatments include lifestyle changes, fiber, and laxatives, with further options for refractory cases.

Keywords:
Anorectal manometryConstipationDefecatory disorderFiberLaxatives

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Primary Care Medicine

Background:

  • Constipation is a common patient complaint encountered in primary care settings.
  • Accurate diagnosis and management are essential for patient well-being.

Observation:

  • Patient history is critical for identifying red flags necessitating colonoscopy.
  • Specific historical details and rectal examination findings can suggest underlying causes.

Findings:

  • First-line treatments involve lifestyle modifications, increased fiber intake, and laxatives.
  • Second-line options include further testing of defecatory function for persistent symptoms.

Implications:

  • Effective management strategies can prevent disease progression and improve quality of life.
  • Referral to specialists like gastroenterologists or surgeons is indicated for refractory constipation.