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The role of cystatin C as a proteasome inhibitor in multiple myeloma

Yijing Jiang1, Jie Zhang2, Chenlu Zhang1

  • 1Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China.

Hematology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|November 30, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Cystatin C shows significant diagnostic and prognostic value in multiple myeloma (MM). This protein may offer new therapeutic strategies by targeting its role as a proteasome inhibitor in MM.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Oncology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma (MM) frequently causes bone destruction and renal impairment.
  • Cystatin C, an extracellular cysteine proteinase inhibitor, is linked to human tumors and its role in MM is emerging.
  • The CST3 gene encodes cystatin C, a protein with potential implications in cancer progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of cystatin C as a proteasome inhibitor in multiple myeloma.
  • To explore the diagnostic and prognostic significance of cystatin C in MM patients.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was performed using PubMed.
  • Searched English literature from 1999 onwards using keywords: "cystatin C" and "multiple myeloma".

Main Results:

  • Cystatin C serves as a sensitive biomarker for diagnosing myeloma nephropathy.
  • It exhibits a dual role in myeloma bone disease and reflects tumor burden.
  • Elevated cystatin C levels are strongly associated with poorer prognosis in multiple myeloma patients.

Conclusions:

  • Cystatin C possesses considerable diagnostic and prognostic value in multiple myeloma.
  • It presents a potential therapeutic target for MM, suggesting the development of cystatin C antagonists or cysteine protease agonists.
Keywords:
Multiple myelomacystatin Cmyeloma bone diseasemyeloma nephropathyprognosis

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