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Manufacturing Chimeric Antigen Receptor CAR T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy
Published on: December 17, 2019
Innate and Innate-Like Cells: The Future of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) Cell Therapy
Diana Cortés-Selva1, Bidisha Dasgupta1, Sanjaya Singh1
1Janssen Biotherapeutics, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, PA 19477, USA.
Abstract:
Conventional αβ CAR-T cell-based approaches have revolutionized the field of cancer immunotherapy, but hurdles remain, especially for solid tumors. Novel strategies in conjunction with alternative cell types are therefore required for effective CAR-based therapies. In this respect, innate and innate-like cells with unique immune properties, such as natural killer (NK) cells, NKT cells, γδ T cells, and macrophages, are promising alternatives to αβ CAR-T adoptive therapy. We review the applicability of these cells in the context of CAR therapy, focusing on therapies under development, the advantages of these approaches relative to conventional CAR-T cells, and their potential in allogeneic therapies. We also discuss the inherent limitations of these cell types and approaches, and outline numerous strategies to overcome the associated obstacles.
Insights
Novel cancer immunotherapies explore alternative immune cells beyond CAR-T cells. This review examines innate and innate-like cells for CAR therapy, discussing their advantages, limitations, and potential for allogeneic treatments.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Cell Therapy
Background:
- Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has transformed cancer immunotherapy.
- Significant challenges persist, particularly in treating solid tumors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the potential of innate and innate-like immune cells as alternatives to conventional CAR-T cells.
- To explore the development, advantages, and limitations of CAR-based therapies using natural killer (NK), NKT, γδ T cells, and macrophages.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current research and clinical development of alternative CAR-based cell therapies.
- Comparative analysis of novel cell types against conventional αβ CAR-T cells.
- Discussion of strategies to overcome inherent limitations of these cell types.
Main Results:
- Innate and innate-like cells (NK, NKT, γδ T, macrophages) show promise for CAR therapy, especially for solid tumors.
- These alternative cell types offer potential advantages over conventional CAR-T cells, including allogeneic applications.
- Inherent limitations exist but can be addressed through various innovative strategies.
Conclusions:
- Alternative immune cell types represent a promising frontier in CAR-based cancer immunotherapy.
- Further research and development are crucial to overcome challenges and realize the full potential of these novel cell therapies.
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