Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 28, 2025

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
Published on: January 17, 2025
Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Cross-Gender Measurement Invariance in Chinese University Students
Ying Zhang1,2,3, Yufang Bian1,2,3
1Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Objectives:
Emotion regulation has been extensively studied in various areas of psychology. The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) was developed to assess two specific constructs associated with emotion control-cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression (Gross and John, 2003). The instrument displayed sound psychometric properties; however, to date, inquiry regarding the measure's characteristics has been limited. This study aims to measure cross-gender invariance [measurement invariance (MI)] in Chinese undergraduates using the ERQ.
Methods:
This study measured the psychometric properties of the ERQ in a sample of 847 Mainland China undergraduates (401 males and 446 females) through confirmatory factor analysis. The tests of MI were used to examine potential structural differences based on gender.
Results:
The findings supported the measure's original structure with all demographic groups and demonstrated exceptional fit. Additional normative data for gender and ethnic groups are included as well. The results also supported the use of the instrument in future research.
Conclusion:
The two-factor structure in the ERQ establishes a cross-gender equivalence between males and females in Chinese college students. This study supports the use of the instrument in future research.
More Related Videos
07:32Use of Galvanic Skin Responses, Salivary Biomarkers, and Self-reports to Assess Undergraduate Student Performance During a Laboratory Exam Activity
Published on: February 10, 2016
12:55Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties
Published on: September 27, 2020
Related Concept Videos
Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
Self-Report Tests of Personality
Emotional Expression
Universal Facial Expressions
Psychologist Paul Ekman identified seven basic...
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Strategies of Self-Presentation III: Self-Monitoring
Self-Discrepancy and Its Effects