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Semiquantitative acid-base analysis in dogs with typical hypoadrenocorticism
Laura G Osborne1, Jamie M Burkitt-Creedon2, Steven E Epstein2
1Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care, Western Veterinary Specialist and Emergency Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Summary
Dogs with hypoadrenocorticism (Addison's disease) exhibit complex acid-base imbalances. A semiquantitative analysis offers deeper insights into metabolic derangements than traditional methods, revealing lactic acidosis is a minor factor.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Canine Physiology
- Acid-Base Balance
Background:
- Hypoadrenocorticism (Addison's disease) in dogs presents with complex physiological disturbances.
- Traditional acid-base analysis may not fully elucidate the metabolic derangements in affected dogs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the semiquantitative acid-base status in dogs with untreated typical hypoadrenocorticism.
- To compare semiquantitative findings with traditional acid-base analysis in these dogs.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study at a university teaching hospital.
- Analysis of 33 dogs with newly diagnosed hypoadrenocorticism.
- Inclusion criteria: low post-ACTH cortisol, blood gas analysis within 6 hours of presentation.
Main Results:
- Traditional analysis revealed mixed acid-base disorders in 16/33 dogs.
- Semiquantitative analysis identified metabolic abnormalities in all dogs.
- Acidosis was linked to excess free water in all cases, with phosphate effects in 27/33.
- Hyperlactatemia contributed to acidosis in only 8/33 dogs.
Conclusions:
- Untreated hypoadrenocorticism leads to intricate acid-base disturbances.
- Semiquantitative analysis provides superior understanding of metabolic abnormalities.
- Lactic acidosis is a less significant contributor to acid-base derangements in canine hypoadrenocorticism.
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