Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 28, 2025
09:21
Optimized Management of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Published on: January 18, 2018
12.3K
Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source: A Primer for Nursing
Summary
Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (ESUS) accounts for 25% of ischemic strokes. Despite thorough evaluation, the cause remains unknown, necessitating patient education and adherence to treatment for recurrent stroke prevention.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Cardiology
- Oncology
Background:
- Cryptogenic stroke classification lacks standardization.
- Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (ESUS) requires a standardized diagnostic workup.
- ESUS represents strokes with no identified cause after a thorough evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the literature on Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (ESUS).
- To understand the diagnostic criteria and implications of ESUS.
- To highlight the need for patient education and adherence to treatment in ESUS management.
Main Methods:
- Literature review conducted from January 1, 2014, to July 31, 2020.
- Search term "ESUS" was utilized.
- Inclusion of studies involving standardized diagnostic workup for stroke.
Main Results:
- ESUS accounts for approximately 25% of all ischemic strokes.
- Diagnostic workup includes brain imaging, vascular imaging, cardiac monitoring, and echocardiography.
- Potential causes include occult atrial fibrillation, malignancy, and hypercoagulable states.
- Recurrent stroke risk in ESUS patients is high (4.5% per year) on antiplatelet therapy.
Conclusions:
- Neuroscience nurses must be knowledgeable about ESUS.
- Patient education on condition and treatment adherence is crucial.
- Ongoing research seeks biomarkers for targeted therapies in ESUS subgroups.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management
150
A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
150
01:30Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management
112
Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
112
01:29Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
129
Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
129
01:23Atherosclerosis IV: Nursing Management
174
Nursing management for a patient with arteriosclerosis involves a comprehensive approach focusing on lifestyle modification, disease monitoring, education, and symptomatic care. Here is an overview of effective nursing strategies:Assessment and Monitoring: Initial and ongoing assessments are crucial. Nurses must document the patient's medical history, including any hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and other cardiovascular diseases. Assessments also cover family history and lifestyle...
174
01:26Acute Coronary Syndrome V: Nursing Management
148
Nursing Assessment:Nursing management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) involves taking the patient's history, focusing on primary complaints such as chest pain, dyspnea, and excessive sweating (diaphoresis), as well as other symptoms like back or jaw pain, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, dizziness, and fatigue. The nurse also reviews the patient's history of cardiac events, risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking, family history, and current medications.In the objective assessment,...
148
01:29Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care
139
Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
139