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Microbiological perspectives of co-trimoxazole
A Bauernfeind1, G Hörl, B Przyklenk
1Max von Pettenkofer Institute, University of Munich.
Infection
|January 1, 1987
Summary
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) shows superior in vitro activity against most bacterial species compared to other antibiotics. Resistance remains low for common respiratory, urinary, and enteric infections.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health concern.
- Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) is a widely used antibiotic combination.
- Understanding its current in vitro activity is crucial for effective treatment guidelines.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the in vitro activity of co-trimoxazole.
- To compare its efficacy against ampicillin, tetracycline, sulfonamide, and trimethoprim.
- To assess resistance patterns in various bacterial species.
Main Methods:
- In vitro susceptibility testing.
- Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination.
- Comparison across 24 gram-negative and 11 gram-positive bacterial species.
Main Results:
- Co-trimoxazole demonstrated superior in vitro activity against the majority of tested species.
- High MICs (>32 mg/l) were infrequent, primarily observed in specific strains of E. coli, Shigella, K. pneumoniae, P. rettgeri, M. morganii, MRSA, and S. epidermidis.
- Occasional resistance was noted in S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae.
Conclusions:
- Co-trimoxazole remains a highly active antibiotic combination.
- It is effective against common pathogens causing respiratory, urinary, and enteric infections.
- The incidence of resistant organisms remains low, supporting its continued clinical utility.