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Observability Analysis and Observer Design for a Nonlinear Three-Tank System: Theory and Experiments.

Santiago Rúa1,2, Rafael E Vásquez1, Naveen Crasta3

  • 1School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín 050031, Colombia.

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|December 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study analyzes observability and designs a high-gain observer (HGO) for a nonlinear three-tank system. The HGO demonstrated robust state estimation and disturbance rejection in simulations and experiments.

Keywords:
advanced process controlhigh-gain observerobservability analysissoft sensorstate estimationthree-tank system

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Area of Science:

  • Control Engineering
  • Nonlinear Systems Analysis
  • Process Systems Engineering

Background:

  • Observability analysis is crucial for state estimation in complex industrial processes.
  • Nonlinear interacting multi-tank systems present significant challenges for accurate state estimation.
  • Existing observer designs may struggle with nonlinearities and system interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To perform observability analysis on a nonlinear interacting three-tank system.
  • To design and validate a high-gain observer (HGO) for robust state estimation.
  • To compare the HGO's performance against Luenberger and Extended Kalman Filter observers.

Main Methods:

  • State-space realization derived from process and instrumentation diagram (P&ID).
  • Observability analysis using the Hermann-Krener criterion.
  • High-gain observer (HGO) design based on observability canonical form.
  • Validation through simulations and experimental tests on a multipurpose plant.

Main Results:

  • The Hermann-Krener observability analysis confirmed system properties.
  • The designed HGO achieved robust state estimation and disturbance rejection.
  • HGO performance was superior to Luenberger and Extended Kalman Filter observers under nonlinear conditions.
  • Experimental results validated the theoretical findings, showing HGO's effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • High-gain observers offer a viable solution for state estimation in nonlinear interacting systems.
  • The developed HGO provides reliable performance despite system complexities and noise.
  • This work contributes to improved monitoring and control strategies for chemical processes.