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Spatially expandable fiber-based probes as a multifunctional deep brain interface.

Shan Jiang1, Dipan C Patel2, Jongwoon Kim1

  • 1Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.

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|December 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel 3D neural probes for detailed brain mapping. These fiber-based probes enable simultaneous recording and modulation of neural activity across distant brain regions with minimal tissue damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neural Engineering

Background:

  • Understanding brain cytoarchitecture and neural circuits requires advanced recording and stimulation techniques.
  • Current neural interfaces offer high-resolution electrophysiology but are limited to small brain regions.
  • There is a need for neural interfaces that provide 3D coverage and minimal tissue disruption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a platform for 3D brain tissue coverage using multisite, multifunctional fiber-based neural probes.
  • To enable simultaneous recording and modulation of neural activity across distant brain regions.
  • To investigate the potential of these probes for studying brain disorders like epilepsy.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a helical scaffold guiding fiber-based neural probes for 3D brain tissue integration.
  • Chronic electrophysiological recordings using spatially expandable fiber probes.
  • Simultaneous optical/chemical modulation and recording in Thy1-ChR2-YFP mice.
  • Application in a mouse model of epilepsy to detect varying electrographic brain activities.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated chronic recordings with single-unit resolution over long observation times.
  • Successfully performed simultaneous recording and modulation of neural activity across distant brain regions.
  • Detected distinct electrographic brain activities in different regions of an epilepsy mouse model.
  • Showcased minimal tissue damage with the 3D probe platform.

Conclusions:

  • The developed fiber-based neural probes provide 3D coverage and enable precise, long-term neural recording and modulation.
  • This technology facilitates the investigation of complex brain functions and dynamics, including in neurological disorders.
  • The platform offers new insights into brain circuitry and potential therapeutic interventions.