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Comparative activities of five antimicrobial agents in experimental Proteus pyelonephritis in mice
1Department of Clinical Microbiology, Academic Hospital of the Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
Five antimicrobial agents, ciprofloxacin, ticarcillin, piperacillin, aztreonam and gentamicin, were compared both in vitro (MIC's, time-kill studies) and in vivo, in the treatment of experimental Proteus mirabilis pyelonephritis in mice. In the treatment of the pyelonephritis, ciprofloxacin was clearly superior to the other agents, both with respect to the percentage of sterile kidneys after treatment as with respect to the mean numbers of bacteria per kidney. The results can only be partially explained by the in vitro activities of the different antibiotics.
Insights
Ciprofloxacin demonstrated superior efficacy in treating experimental Proteus mirabilis pyelonephritis in mice compared to other antimicrobials. In vivo results surpassed in vitro predictions, highlighting ciprofloxacin
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Proteus mirabilis is a common cause of urinary tract infections, including pyelonephritis.
- Antimicrobial resistance necessitates the evaluation of novel treatment strategies.
- Understanding comparative antibiotic efficacy is crucial for effective patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of five antimicrobial agents against Proteus mirabilis.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of ciprofloxacin, ticarcillin, piperacillin, aztreonam, and gentamicin in treating experimental pyelonephritis in a murine model.
Main Methods:
- In vitro assessment included minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and time-kill studies.
- In vivo efficacy was determined by treating experimental Proteus mirabilis pyelonephritis in mice.
- Kidney bacterial counts and sterility rates were key outcome measures.
Main Results:
- Ciprofloxacin exhibited superior performance in vivo, leading to a higher percentage of sterile kidneys.
- Ciprofloxacin treatment resulted in significantly lower mean bacterial counts per kidney compared to other agents.
- In vitro activity did not fully predict the observed in vivo efficacy of the tested antibiotics.
Conclusions:
- Ciprofloxacin is a highly effective agent for treating experimental Proteus mirabilis pyelonephritis in mice.
- The study underscores the importance of in vivo validation, as in vitro data may not fully represent clinical outcomes.
- Further research may explore the mechanisms behind ciprofloxacin's enhanced in vivo activity.