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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 28, 2025

Preparation of Biomass-based Mesoporous Carbon with Higher Nitrogen-/Oxygen-chelating Adsorption for CuII Through Microwave Pre-Pyrolysis
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Lignin Based Activated Carbon Using H3PO4 Activation.

Zhongzhi Yang1,2, Roland Gleisner2, Doreen H Mann2

  • 1Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Lab. on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing 210042, China.

Polymers
|December 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel method to create high-surface-area activated carbon (AC) from poplar wood lignin using phosphoric acid. This eco-friendly process yields AC with excellent dye adsorption capabilities, surpassing existing literature values.

Keywords:
activated carbondye adsorptionligninphosphoric acid activation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Lignin, a byproduct of the paper industry, is an abundant and sustainable source for material production.
  • Developing high-performance activated carbon (AC) from lignin is crucial for various environmental applications.
  • Existing methods for AC production from lignin often require harsh conditions or result in lower surface areas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient and environmentally friendly method for producing high-surface-area activated carbon from acid hydrotropic lignin (AHL).
  • To evaluate the performance of the produced AC for dye adsorption.
  • To establish a new benchmark for AC production from lignin with a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area exceeding 2000 m²/g.

Main Methods:

  • Production of activated carbon (AC) from low sulfur acid hydrotropic lignin (AHL) derived from poplar wood using phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) at 450 °C.
  • Characterization of AC properties using nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms.
  • Evaluation of AC performance through adsorption experiments with congo red (CR) and methylene blue (MB) dyes.
  • Analysis of adsorption data using the Langmuir model.

Main Results:

  • Activated carbon derived from AHL (AHL-AC6) achieved a very high specific surface area (>2000 m²/g).
  • AHL-AC6 demonstrated superior dye adsorption performance compared to ACs produced from commercial lignins and literature benchmarks.
  • Adsorption data fitted well to the Langmuir model, indicating strong and near-irreversible adsorption, particularly for methylene blue.

Conclusions:

  • A cost-effective and low-environmental-impact procedure was established for producing high-surface-area AC (>2000 m²/g BET) from lignin using phosphoric acid at moderate temperatures.
  • The developed method offers a sustainable route for valorizing lignin into high-performance adsorbent materials.
  • The resulting AC shows significant potential for applications in dye removal and other adsorption-based processes.