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Updated: Nov 27, 2025

Optimization, Test and Diagnostics of Miniaturized Hall Thrusters
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Erosion sensor using time-resolved cavity ring-down spectroscopy for Hall thrusters.

Yusuke Egawa1, Naoji Yamamoto2, Atsushi Yamaguchi1

  • 1Department of Advanced Energy Engineering Science, Kyushu University Kasuga, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|December 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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A new sensor using time-resolved cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) accurately measures titanium atom density in Hall thrusters. This advancement improves wall erosion monitoring and lifetime prediction for spacecraft propulsion systems.

Area of Science:

  • Spacecraft propulsion engineering
  • Plasma physics
  • Optical spectroscopy

Background:

  • Hall thrusters are crucial for space propulsion but suffer from wall erosion, limiting their operational lifetime.
  • Accurate monitoring of sputtered material density is essential for predicting thruster lifespan.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-sensitivity sensor for measuring titanium atom density in Hall thrusters.
  • To synchronize measurements with discharge current oscillations for improved accuracy.
  • To enhance the prediction of Hall thruster wall erosion and operational lifetime.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a time-resolved cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) system.
  • Synchronization of the CRDS system with Hall thruster discharge current oscillations using a Volterra engine management system.

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  • Measurement of path-integrated number density of sputtered titanium atoms.

    • Main Results:

    • The developed sensor demonstrated high sensitivity in measuring titanium atom density.
    • Path-integrated titanium atom density was found to be synchronized with discharge current oscillations.
    • The minimum detection limit of the sensor was significantly decreased by approximately 30% (from 2 × 10^12 to 6 × 10^11 m^-2).

    Conclusions:

    • The time-resolved CRDS sensor effectively monitors titanium atom density in Hall thrusters.
    • Synchronization with discharge current oscillations enhances measurement accuracy and reduces the detection limit.
    • This technology offers a promising tool for improving Hall thruster lifetime prediction and performance monitoring.