Erosion sensor using time-resolved cavity ring-down spectroscopy for Hall thrusters

A high-sensitivity sensor to measure titanium atom density based on time-resolved cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) was developed to monitor the wall erosion and predict the lifetime of Hall thrusters. The minimum detection limit for the sensor was dependent on the discharge current oscillation in the Hall thruster. A Volterra engine management system was employed for time-resolved measurements to develop the time-resolved CRDS system, which was synchronized to the discharge current oscillation. The results confirmed that the path-integrated number density of sputtered titanium atoms was synchronized with the discharge current oscillation. The minimum detection limit was decreased by ∼30% from 2 × 10¹² to 6 × 10¹¹ m^-2.