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Related Concept Videos

Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

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A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
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The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
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Thermoregulation01:26

Thermoregulation

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The human body has a sophisticated thermoregulation system that employs negative feedback mechanisms to maintain an optimal core temperature. When the core temperature drops, peripheral and central thermoreceptors send signals to the hypothalamus, activating the heat-promoting center. This center triggers several responses aimed at increasing the core temperature. First, vasoconstriction reduces the flow of warm blood from internal organs to the skin so that the heat is not lost from the skin,...
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Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature01:19

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Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...
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The body's temperature, measured in degrees, is determined by the balance between heat production and dissipation to the surrounding environment. For instance, if exercising vigorously, the body will produce more heat, causing sweat and dissipating that heat. Despite extreme environmental conditions and physical exertion, the human temperature-control system maintains a constant core body temperature (the temperature of deep tissues, which are the tissues located beneath the skin and other...
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Hypersensitivities01:30

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Isolated hypohidrosis: pathogenesis and treatment.

Melissa Mei Hsia Chan1, Gim Hui Lim2, Xiahong Zhao1

  • 1National Skin Centre, Singapore.

European Journal of Dermatology : EJD
|December 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Isolated hypohidrosis involves sweat duct obstruction. Oral retinoids, especially isotretinoin, effectively treat this condition, showing high response rates and safety in patients with miliaria profunda, acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis, and idiopathic partial hypohidrosis.

Keywords:
dermatologyhypohidrosisisotretinoinoptical coherence tomography

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Sweat Physiology
  • Optical Coherence Tomography

Background:

  • Isolated hypohidrosis, including miliaria profunda (MP), acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis (AIGA), and idiopathic partial hypohidrosis (IPH), lacks understanding of its pathogenesis and effective treatments.
  • Hypohidrosis can lead to heat injury, a potentially fatal condition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the pathogenesis of isolated hypohidrosis using in vivo high-definition optical coherence tomography (HD-OCT).
  • To assess the therapeutic efficacy of oral retinoids for isolated hypohidrosis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 51 patients with isolated hypohidrosis over 5.75 years.
  • Standardized exercise, whole-body starch-iodine testing, and non-invasive HD-OCT skin imaging.
  • Analysis of patient demographics, disease characteristics, histology, and treatment history.

Main Results:

  • HD-OCT identified sub-stratum corneal hypo-refractile material and dilated sweat ducts in patients, absent in controls.
  • Material size was most pronounced in MP, followed by AIGA and IPH, decreasing post-treatment.
  • High treatment response rates observed with isotretinoin (90.6%) and acitretin (75.0%), with no reported recurrence and anticipated side effects.

Conclusions:

  • The pathogenesis of isolated hypohidrosis involves sweat orifice obstruction at the stratum corneum.
  • Oral retinoids, particularly isotretinoin, represent an effective and safe treatment for isolated hypohidrosis.