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[Insulin secretion and action in acromegaly].

A M Borisova, N Ovcharova, G Kirilov

    Vutreshni Bolesti
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    Acromegaly patients show preserved beta-cell sensitivity but diminished insulin reserves. Elevated growth hormone and prolactin correlate with increased insulin resistance in acromegaly, impacting diabetes management.

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    Individual risk factors of the metabolic syndrome in adult patients with growth hormone deficiency--a cross-sectional case-control study.

    Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association·2014

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Metabolic Disorders
    • Diabetes Mellitus Research

    Background:

    • Acromegaly, a condition caused by excess growth hormone, frequently co-occurs with diabetes mellitus.
    • Understanding the interplay between growth hormone, prolactin, beta-cell function, and insulin sensitivity is crucial for managing these conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate beta-cell secretion and insulin sensitivity in patients with active acromegaly, with or without diabetes mellitus.
    • To determine the correlation between growth hormone and prolactin levels with insulin secretion and resistance in acromegalic patients.

    Main Methods:

    • Examined 17 patients with active acromegaly, 13 with type 1 diabetes mellitus, and 20 healthy controls.
    • Assessed residual beta-cell secretion using the venous Tolbutamide test.
    • Measured insulin sensitivity via the euglycemic clamp technique.

    Main Results:

    • A positive correlation was observed between growth hormone and prolactin levels and basic insulin secretion.
    • In acromegaly patients (with or without diabetes), Tolbutamide-stimulated beta-cell sensitivity was preserved, but insulin reserves were reduced.
    • Significant positive correlations were found between growth hormone levels and insulin resistance, and between elevated prolactin levels and insulin resistance.

    Conclusions:

    • Acromegaly impairs insulin reserves despite preserved beta-cell sensitivity to stimulants like Tolbutamide.
    • Elevated growth hormone and prolactin are key contributors to insulin resistance in acromegaly, exacerbating metabolic disturbances.

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