Decoding information on COVID-19: Ontological approach towards design possible therapeutics

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Immunology
• Epidemiology

Background:

• COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, currently lacks effective preventive or curative medical interventions.
• Existing treatments for COVID-19 are primarily supportive and palliative.
• The "cytokine storm" is a leading hypothesis for COVID-19 mortality, stemming from an overactive immune response.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review global COVID-19 mortality rates and analyze factors contributing to variations.
• To examine the structural and host-pathogen interactions of SARS-CoV-2.
• To identify potential therapeutic targets for vaccines and drugs against COVID-19.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of current global COVID-19 mortality data.
• Analysis of demographic, comorbidity, and prior viral exposure factors influencing mortality.
• Detailed review of identified SARS-CoV-2 structural characteristics and host-pathogen interactions.

Main Results:

• Significant variations in COVID-19 mortality rates observed globally.
• Demographics, comorbidities, and prior coronavirus exposure influence mortality outcomes.
• Specific viral proteins and host-pathogen interaction sites identified as potential targets.

Conclusions:

• Understanding mortality variations is crucial for managing the COVID-19 pandemic.
• Identifying novel therapeutic targets can accelerate the development of effective vaccines and treatments.
• An ontological approach may aid in preparing for future emergent coronaviruses.