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Blue-hazard-free Candlelight OLED

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Evaluation of Potential Optical Radiation Hazards from LED Flashlights.

Robert J Landry¹, Robert H James¹, Sharon A Miller²

¹Optical Therapeutics and Medical Nanophotonics Laboratory, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD20993.

|December 2, 2020

Summary

Four LED flashlights pose a moderate retinal damage risk due to high blue-light radiance, necessitating cautionary labeling. Two flashlights present a low risk, with none posing UV or thermal hazards.

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Photobiology
Consumer Product Safety

Background:

LED flashlights are widely used, raising concerns about potential ocular hazards from optical radiation.
Evaluating consumer-grade LED devices is crucial for understanding light exposure risks.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the optical radiation safety of commercially available LED flashlights.
To determine if these devices pose potential ocular hazards, specifically retinal damage risks.

Main Methods:

Six LED flashlight samples were evaluated using American National Standards Institute/Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (ANSI/IESNA) Standards RP 27.1 and RP 27.3.
Measurements focused on blue-light-weighted radiance and time to reach exposure limits.

Main Results:

Four flashlights were classified as Risk Group 2, indicating a moderate risk of retinal damage due to high blue-light radiance.
Two flashlights were classified as Risk Group 1, indicating a low risk of retinal damage.
No ultraviolet (UV) radiation or retinal thermal hazards were detected in any samples.

Conclusions:

Cautionary labeling is recommended for LED flashlights in Risk Group 2 and above, as per RP 27.3.
Consumers should be aware of potential blue-light risks associated with certain handheld light sources.