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Advanced Statistical Testing of Quantum Random Number Generators
Aldo C Martínez1, Aldo Solis2, Rafael Díaz Hernández Rojas3
1Department of Physics, Center for Research in Photonics, University of Ottawa, 25 Templeton St, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
Abstract:
Pseudo-random number generators are widely used in many branches of science, mainly in applications related to Monte Carlo methods, although they are deterministic in design and, therefore, unsuitable for tackling fundamental problems in security and cryptography. The natural laws of the microscopic realm provide a fairly simple method to generate non-deterministic sequences of random numbers, based on measurements of quantum states. In practice, however, the experimental devices on which quantum random number generators are based are often unable to pass some tests of randomness. In this review, we briefly discuss two such tests, point out the challenges that we have encountered in experimental implementations and finally present a fairly simple method that successfully generates non-deterministic maximally random sequences.
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