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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
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Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
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A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
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Anxiety is a common mental disorder featuring excessive worry, fear, and apprehension, significantly affecting daily life. People with anxiety disorders experience persistent and intense anxiety, interrupting their everyday functioning.
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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)01:27

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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
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Abnormal behavior, often referred to as mental illness, results from changes in brain function that influence thought patterns, behaviors, and social interactions. Psychologists and psychiatrists typically assess abnormal behavior using three primary criteria: deviance, maladaptation, and personal distress, particularly when these traits persist over long periods.
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Related Experiment Video

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Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
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[Differential diagnosis in obsessive-compulsive disorder].

Lena Engelund Holm1, Lennart Jansson, Julie Nordgaard

  • 1lenaengelundholm@gmail.com.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|December 3, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This review highlights pseudo-obsessions, a concept that aids in distinguishing obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) from schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Recognizing pseudo-obsessions can improve psychiatric diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Obsessive-compulsive-like symptoms occur in various psychiatric conditions, notably schizophrenia.
  • Historical descriptions by Kraepelin and Bleuler noted this overlap.
  • Recent diagnostic manual revisions complicate the distinction between OCD and schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the concept of pseudo-obsession.
  • To emphasize its utility in differentiating true obsessions in OCD from psychopathological phenomena in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
  • To improve diagnostic accuracy in clinical practice.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on the concept of pseudo-obsession.
  • Analysis of historical and contemporary diagnostic criteria for OCD and schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

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  • Conceptual analysis of psychopathological phenomena.

    • Main Results:

    • Pseudo-obsession is an under-recognized phenomenon.
    • Distinguishing pseudo-obsessions from true obsessions is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
    • Diagnostic criteria changes have blurred the lines between OCD and schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

    Conclusions:

    • The concept of pseudo-obsession offers a valuable tool for differential diagnosis.
    • Improved diagnostic practice can result from a better understanding of pseudo-obsessions.
    • Further research is needed to refine the diagnostic criteria and clinical recognition of pseudo-obsessions.