Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

640
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
640

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Diagnosing established and acute HIV in the context of facility-based HIV testing services in rural Eswatini: a cross-sectional study.

Sexually transmitted infections·2026
Same author

Trends in HIV self-testing uptake in Africa: A modeling study of population-based surveys and HIV testing program data.

PLoS medicine·2026
Same author

Low-Barrier Fibrosis Screening in Hepatitis C Treatment: The Decompensated Cirrhosis in Hepatitis C Evaluation Questionnaire.

Journal of viral hepatitis·2026
Same author

Government to Government Model for HIV Service Delivery - An Approach for Country and Program Ownership in Four Provinces of Zambia.

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)·2026
Same author

Scoping Review of the Models for Case-Based Health Programs in Africa: Towards Case-Based Surveillance for HIV in Lesotho.

International journal of environmental research and public health·2026
Same author

Factors associated with unawareness of HIV-positive status among individuals aged ≥ 15 years in Tanzania: Evidence from the Tanzania HIV Impact Survey 2022-2023.

BMC public health·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 27, 2025

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings
19:57

An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings

Published on: March 30, 2014

18.9K

Sex Differences in HIV Testing - 20 PEPFAR-Supported Sub-Saharan African Countries, 2019.

Bakary Drammeh, Amy Medley, Helen Dale

    MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
    |December 3, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa shows gaps, especially for men. Index testing yielded the highest positive results, indicating a need for tailored strategies to improve HIV case finding and close coverage gaps.

    More Related Videos

    Comprehensive & Cost Effective Laboratory Monitoring of HIV/AIDS: an African Role Model
    23:56

    Comprehensive & Cost Effective Laboratory Monitoring of HIV/AIDS: an African Role Model

    Published on: October 31, 2010

    17.0K
    The α-test: Rapid Cell-free CD4 Enumeration Using Whole Saliva
    11:22

    The α-test: Rapid Cell-free CD4 Enumeration Using Whole Saliva

    Published on: May 16, 2012

    14.1K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Nov 27, 2025

    An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings
    19:57

    An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings

    Published on: March 30, 2014

    18.9K
    Comprehensive & Cost Effective Laboratory Monitoring of HIV/AIDS: an African Role Model
    23:56

    Comprehensive & Cost Effective Laboratory Monitoring of HIV/AIDS: an African Role Model

    Published on: October 31, 2010

    17.0K
    The α-test: Rapid Cell-free CD4 Enumeration Using Whole Saliva
    11:22

    The α-test: Rapid Cell-free CD4 Enumeration Using Whole Saliva

    Published on: May 16, 2012

    14.1K

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Epidemiology
    • Infectious Disease Control

    Background:

    • Persistent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing gaps exist in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly affecting men and young individuals.
    • Effective HIV epidemic control requires addressing these disparities in testing coverage and case finding.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess HIV testing coverage and case finding among adults (≥15 years) in 20 African countries using routinely collected programmatic data.
    • To compare the efficiency of different HIV testing strategies in identifying positive cases.

    Main Methods:

    • Observational study utilizing programmatic data reported to the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) from October 2018 to September 2019.
    • Analysis of key indicators: number of HIV tests conducted, number of HIV-positive results, and percentage positivity rate.
    • Stratification of data by sex and testing modality (Provider-Initiated Counseling and Testing, Voluntary Counseling and Testing, index testing, mobile testing).

    Main Results:

    • Overall, higher HIV case finding was reported among women than men, though men had a slightly higher percentage positivity (4.7% vs. 4.1%).
    • Provider-Initiated Counseling and Testing (PITC) identified approximately two-thirds of new cases.
    • Index testing demonstrated the highest percentage positivity across all countries for both sexes.

    Conclusions:

    • Tailored strategies are crucial for effective HIV case finding, particularly to reach underrepresented men.
    • Optimizing HIV testing approaches is essential to close coverage gaps and improve epidemic control in sub-Saharan Africa.
    • Index testing emerges as a highly effective strategy for identifying HIV-positive individuals.