Hydrogen sulfide: A versatile gaseous molecule in plants

Area of Science:

• Plant Physiology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is recognized as a vital gasotransmitter and signaling molecule in plants.
• It plays a role in various physiological processes including seed germination, growth, photosynthesis, and senescence.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the multifaceted roles of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) in plant physiology.
• To summarize the production pathways, interactions, and signaling functions of H₂S in plants.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on hydrogen sulfide in plants.
• Analysis of H₂S production pathways (enzymatic and non-enzymatic).
• Examination of H₂S interactions with phytohormones and other signaling molecules.

Main Results:

• H₂S is produced in plants through distinct enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways.
• Exogenous H₂S application enhances metabolic processes and antioxidant defenses under stress.
• H₂S interacts with key phytohormones and signaling molecules like nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide.
• H₂S mediates post-translational modifications, protecting proteins from oxidative damage.

Conclusions:

• Hydrogen sulfide is an intriguing molecule with diverse regulatory functions in plants.
• Understanding H₂S signaling is crucial for improving plant growth, stress tolerance, and crop yield.