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Age-Related Decline in Children's Reward Sensitivity: Blacks' Diminished Returns.
1Department of Family Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Research in Health Science
|December 4, 2020
Summary
As children age, reward sensitivity decreases, but this effect is less pronounced in Black children compared to White children. This racial disparity in reward sensitivity development aligns with Minorities
Area of Science:
- Developmental Psychology
- Child Psychology
- Behavioral Neuroscience
Background:
- Reward sensitivity is a key predictor of high-risk behaviors.
- Ageing is known to reduce children's reward sensitivity and risk-taking behaviors.
- Racial differences in the age-related decline of reward sensitivity require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the effects of age on reward sensitivity between White and Black children.
- To investigate potential racial disparities in the developmental trajectory of reward sensitivity.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 10,533 American children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study.
- Independent variable: age. Dependent variable: reward sensitivity (Behavioral Approach System/Behavioral Avoidance System - BAS-BIS).
- Covariates included gender, parental education, marital status, and household income.
Main Results:
- Increased age was associated with decreased reward sensitivity.
- A significant interaction between race and age was observed for children's reward sensitivity.
- The age-related decrease in reward sensitivity was smaller in Black children compared to White children.
Conclusions:
- Age-related reductions in reward sensitivity are less pronounced in Black children than in White children.
- Findings support the Minorities' Diminished Returns (MDRs) theory.
- Potential contributing factors include social racism, segregation, stratification, and discrimination.
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