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Related Experiment Videos

Zinc protoporphyrin. Past, present, and future.

R F Labbé1, R L Rettmer, A G Shah

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|January 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) formation is catalyzed by ferrochelatase during iron deficiency and lead exposure. ZPP levels correlate with ferritin, indicating early iron depletion and offering broad clinical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Research on zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) has advanced significantly.
  • Biochemical and clinical evidence links ZPP formation to iron-deficient erythropoiesis and lead-inhibited iron metabolism.
  • Ferrochelatase is implicated as the enzyme catalyzing ZPP formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To redefine the relationship between ZPP and other iron status parameters during early iron depletion.
  • To highlight the clinical utility of ZPP measurements in various medical fields.
  • To improve the accuracy and application of ZPP measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of biochemical and clinical evidence.
  • Clinical studies assessing iron status parameters including ZPP, ferritin, transferrin saturation, and hematocrit.

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  • Refinements in hematofluorometry technology for ZPP measurement.

    • Main Results:

    • ZPP and ferritin levels vary in concert during early iron depletion.
    • Percent transferrin saturation and hematocrit changes are less consistent with ZPP and ferritin.
    • Iron-deficient erythropoiesis is an early manifestation of iron depletion, linked metabolically to ZPP and ferritin.

    Conclusions:

    • ZPP is a sensitive indicator of iron status, closely linked to ferritin.
    • Improved ZPP measurement (mumoles ZPP/mole heme) enhances result quality by reducing hematocrit dependency.
    • Hematofluorometry advancements enable ZPP's application in lead surveillance, blood banking, pediatrics, obstetrics, and sports medicine.