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Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...

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An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
07:01

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[Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: a case report].

E R Eremeeva1, D L Rotin1, O V Paklina1

  • 1S.P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia.

Arkhiv Patologii
|December 4, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is an aggressive cancer that spreads early. This paper details a rare case of Stage IVB anaplastic thyroid carcinoma in a 66-year-old woman, covering all diagnostic and autopsy findings.

Keywords:
anaplastic carcinomapathomorphologythyroid

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare but highly aggressive thyroid malignancy.
  • Characterized by rapid growth and early metastasis, ATC presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Observation:

  • This report presents a rare case of Stage IVB anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.
  • The patient was a 66-year-old woman with advanced disease.

Findings:

  • Detailed clinical, instrumental, morphological, and autopsy findings are presented.
  • The case highlights the aggressive nature and metastatic potential of ATC.

Implications:

  • Understanding rare presentations of ATC is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
  • Autopsy findings provide valuable insights into the final stages and systemic spread of this aggressive cancer.