Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 27, 2025

A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents
Published on: July 10, 2017
Evolution of intersectional perceived discrimination and internalized stigma during COVID-19 lockdown among the
Carolina Ugidos1, Aída López-Gómez2, Miguel Ángel Castellanos3
1Chair Against Stigma Grupo 5-Complutense University of Madrid, School of Psychology, Department of Social, Labor and Differential Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Background:
Stigma and discrimination have been associated with different diseases and pandemics, with negative consequences for the people who suffered them and for their communities. Currently, COVID-19 has become a new source of stigmatization.
Aims:
The aim of the present study is to analyze longitudinally the evolution of intersectional perceived discrimination and internalized stigma among the general population of Spain, at three points in time throughout the confinement.
Method:
Participants completed an online survey.
Results:
Results show an increase in both variables from the first to the second evaluation, and a slight decrease from the second to the third evaluation. Moreover, these changes are explained by depression, anxiety and family support.
Conclusions:
These findings indicate the factors that need to be considered to reduce the perception of discrimination and the internalization of stigma, and their detrimental consequences, during an especially stressful event such as the current pandemic outbreak.
Related Concept Videos
Impact of Social Context on Individuals
Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies
Social Identity
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
Bias in Epidemiological Studies
Impact of Groups on Individuals

