Serum periostin levels in adolescents

The significance of periostin as a biomarker of Th2-induced airway inflammation has recently been highlighted in adult patients with allergic diseases. It may help identify drug-responsive inflammatory phenotypes, particularly in children. However, little is known about the usefulness of this parameter as a biomarker for allergic diseases in children. Furthermore, it is not known how much adolescent bone metabolism affects allergic inflammation.

To evaluate the relationship between serum periostin levels and allergic diseases in adolescents, we investigated periostin levels and the prevalence of allergic diseases.

We conducted a cross-sectional observational study of 100 males and females in two age groups: age 9-12 years (pre-early adolescence) and 13-15 years (post-early adolescence). Serum periostin levels were determined using Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA). Presence of allergic diseases and allergy sensitization were obtained via a self-reported survey and the Multiple Antigen Simultaneous Test (MAST). The protocol was registered in a clinical trial registry as UMIN 000036051.

There were no significant differences in serum periostin levels between pre-early and post-early adolescents. There were no differences by gender. Age and Body Mass Index were not significantly associated with serum periostin levels. Periostin levels were elevated in adolescents with allergic diseases overall compared to healthy adolescents [mean (95%CI): 41.6 (33.4, 49.7) vs. 28.6 (21.9, 35.3) ng/ml; P < 0.05].

The effects of bone metabolism on serum periostin levels may be limited at 9-15 years of age. Further studies are required to determine reference values in adolescents.