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Renewable hydrogen production by dark-fermentation: Current status, challenges and perspectives
Shikha Dahiya1, Sulogna Chatterjee1, Omprakash Sarkar2
1Bioengineering and Environmental Science Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
Bioresource Technology
|December 5, 2020
Summary
Biohydrogen (bio-H2) from biowaste offers a green, carbon-neutral energy solution. This review explores dark fermentation challenges and opportunities for sustainable, commercial biohydrogen production.
Area of Science:
- Biotechnology
- Renewable Energy
- Environmental Science
Background:
- Urbanization drives increased energy demand and waste generation, necessitating sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels.
- Biohydrogen (bio-H2) is a promising carbon-neutral energy source for the future Hydrogen Economy.
- Dark fermentation of biowaste, biomass, and wastewater is a key method for biohydrogen production.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current status of dark fermentation for biohydrogen production.
- To identify challenges and opportunities for process sustainability and commercialization.
- To explore resource recovery and biorefinery approaches for carbon-neutral hydrogen.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of dark fermentation processes for biohydrogen generation.
- Analysis of process limitations, economic viability, and scalability factors.
- Investigation of integrated systems for resource recovery and closed-loop biorefineries.
Main Results:
- Dark fermentation shows potential but faces significant scale-up and economic hurdles.
- Process optimization and integration are crucial for sustainable and viable biohydrogen production.
- Biorefinery concepts can enhance resource recovery and carbon neutrality.
Conclusions:
- Dark fermentation is a viable pathway for biohydrogen, but requires technological and economic advancements.
- Integrated biorefinery approaches are essential for maximizing resource utilization and achieving carbon neutrality.
- Further research and development are needed to overcome challenges and enable commercial biohydrogen production.
Keywords:
Carbon-neutral hydrogenDistributed metabolismHydrogen economySustainabilityVolatile Fatty Acids (VFAs)More Related Videos
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