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Related Concept Videos

Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

4.8K
An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and...
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Electrocardiogram Fundamentals01:28

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

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Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin...
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Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle01:25

Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle

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The electrical signals recorded on an electrocardiogram (ECG) occur before the mechanical processes of contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.
A cardiac action potential originates in the SA node and spreads throughout the atria and the AV node in approximately 0.03 seconds. This results in the P wave in an ECG and triggers atrial contraction. The action potential is then briefly slowed at the AV node, allowing the atria to contract and fill the ventricles with blood before...
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ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
276
Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
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Cardiac Action Potential01:30

Cardiac Action Potential

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Cardiac action potentials are essential for proper heart function, enabling the rhythmic contractions needed for adequate blood circulation. Nodal cells and Purkinje fibers, specialized for electrical conduction, generate these action potentials.
The cardiac action potential process involves a series of phases characterized by the movement of ions across the cardiac cell membranes, leading to the depolarization and repolarization of the cardiac myocytes.
Ionic Basis of Cardiac Action Potentials
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Electrocardiographic artifact.

Laszlo Littmann1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Atrium Health - Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, USA.

Journal of Electrocardiology
|December 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Electrocardiographic (ECG) artifact can mimic serious conditions, but this review offers practical steps for recognition and avoidance of misdiagnosis. Some artifacts can even aid in diagnosing critical clinical situations.

Keywords:
ECGElectrocardiographic artifactElectromagnetic interferenceImplanted devicesRespiratory artifactSpiked helmet signTechnical error

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Electrocardiographic (ECG) artifact is a frequent challenge in clinical practice.
  • Artifacts arise from various sources including leads, motion, device interference, and physiological signals.
  • ECG artifact can be mistaken for critical conditions like myocardial infarction and ventricular tachycardia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a structured approach for identifying diverse forms of ECG artifact.
  • To provide practical strategies for preventing misdiagnosis due to artifact.
  • To highlight instances where ECG artifact can be diagnostically beneficial.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on ECG artifact recognition and management.
  • Analysis of artifact sources and their clinical implications.
  • Case examples illustrating artifact mimicry and diagnostic utility.

Main Results:

  • Categorization of common and uncommon ECG artifact types.
  • Identification of specific artifact patterns and their potential causes.
  • Demonstration of how artifact can masquerade as significant arrhythmias or ischemic changes.
  • Examples of artifact aiding in diagnosis, such as identifying pacemaker malfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate recognition of ECG artifact is crucial for correct diagnosis and patient management.
  • Implementing practical steps can significantly reduce artifact-induced misdiagnoses.
  • Understanding artifact can enhance diagnostic capabilities in specific clinical scenarios.