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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 27, 2025

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Alcohol Binge Drinking: Negative and Positive Valence System Abnormalities.

Serenella Tolomeo1, Jennifer A Macfarlane2, Alex Baldacchino3

  • 1Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

Biological Psychiatry. Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging
|December 6, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Binge alcohol drinkers exhibit altered brain activity, with heightened responses in negative emotion areas and blunted responses in positive emotion areas, supporting allostasis theory. These neuroimaging findings highlight the need for further research into alcohol use disorders.

Keywords:
AllostasisAmygdala-hippocampal complexBinge drinkingRDoCReward and loss eventsStriatum

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Addiction Research
  • Translational Medicine

Background:

  • Alcohol misuse contributes to millions of deaths annually.
  • Translational studies are vital for applying preclinical findings to human treatment.
  • Allostasis theory, based on preclinical findings of brain system abnormalities, guides research into alcohol use disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test allostasis theory predictions in humans using neuroimaging.
  • To investigate differences in brain activity between binge alcohol drinkers and healthy controls.
  • To examine the relationship between problematic alcohol use and brain activity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a Research Domain Criteria approach.
  • Compared 57 binge alcohol drinkers with healthy controls.
  • Employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during an instrumental task.

Main Results:

  • Binge drinkers showed increased activity in negative valence system (NVS)-linked regions (e.g., hippocampus, dorsal cingulate).
  • Binge drinkers displayed blunted activity in positive valence system (PVS)-linked regions (e.g., striatum).
  • Recent alcohol consumption in binge drinkers correlated with more pronounced brain activity abnormalities.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support allostasis theory's predictions regarding NVS and PVS in binge alcohol drinkers.
  • Translational neuroimaging studies are crucial for understanding alcohol use disorders.
  • Further research should focus on the NVS in the context of alcohol misuse.