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A comprehensive analytical process, from NPS threat identification to systematic screening: Method validation and

Béatrice Garneau1, Brigitte Desharnais1, Julie Laquerre1

  • 1Laboratoire de sciences judiciaires et de médecine légale, Department of Toxicology, 1701 Parthenais St., Montréal, Québec, H2K 3S7, Canada.

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|December 6, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Forensic labs can now rapidly screen for new psychoactive substances (NPS) using an accredited workflow. This method enhances detection of novel synthetic opioids and designer benzodiazepines, improving public safety.

Keywords:
Designer benzodiazepinesLC–MS/MS screeningNew psychoactive substanceNovel synthetic opioids

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Toxicology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Drug Enforcement

Background:

  • New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) constantly emerge, posing challenges for forensic identification.
  • Detecting NPS at low concentrations in biological samples requires robust analytical methods.
  • Laboratories with limited resources need efficient screening tools for evolving NPS threats.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and implement an ISO 17025:2017 accredited workflow for systematic NPS screening.
  • To integrate the detection of emerging NPS, including novel synthetic opioids (NSO) and designer benzodiazepines, into routine forensic analysis.
  • To provide a practical solution for laboratories using standard equipment like liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Main Methods:

  • Development of a comprehensive LC-MS/MS method for NPS and metabolite detection.
  • Implementation of a workflow for rapid response to identified regional NPS threats.
  • Accreditation of the developed method under the ISO 17025:2017 norm for forensic case analysis.

Main Results:

  • The accredited method successfully identified 55 NPS and metabolites, including 31 NSO and 22 NSO metabolites.
  • Flualprazolam and isotonitazene were added to the screening panel following their identification as regional threats.
  • Analysis of 5,079 forensic cases revealed a 3.4% NPS positivity rate, with designer benzodiazepines (94%) and NSO (5%) as primary substances detected.

Conclusions:

  • The developed workflow enables efficient and systematic NPS screening using standard LC-MS/MS equipment.
  • The integration of rapid threat detection and ISO accreditation facilitates timely response to emerging drug trends.
  • This approach led to a four-fold increase in NPS detection, enhancing forensic capabilities.