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The process of converting very light nuclei into heavier nuclei is also accompanied by the conversion of mass into large amounts of energy, a process called fusion. The principal source of energy in the sun is a net fusion reaction in which four hydrogen nuclei fuse and ultimately produce one helium nucleus and two positrons.
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Direct-drive laser fusion: status, plans and future.

E M Campbell1, T C Sangster1, V N Goncharov1

  • 1Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|December 7, 2020
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Laser-direct drive (LDD) is a key inertial confinement fusion approach. Research at Omega and NIF facilities advances LDD for achieving laboratory fusion ignition and gain.

Keywords:
direct driveinertial confinement fusionlaser fusion

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Area of Science:

  • Fusion Energy Research
  • Plasma Physics
  • Laser-Ablation Dynamics

Background:

  • Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) relies on three primary approaches: laser indirect (X-ray) drive (LID), magnetic drive with pulsed power, and laser-direct drive (LDD).
  • LDD is actively pursued at the Omega Laser Facility and the National Ignition Facility (NIF).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the current status and future plans for Laser-direct drive research.
  • To outline the progress toward achieving laboratory-based fusion ignition and gain using LDD.

Main Methods:

  • Conducting cryogenic implosions and fundamental physics experiments at the Omega Laser Facility.
  • Investigating energy coupling and laser-plasma interactions at ignition-scale plasmas on the NIF.
  • Performing limited 'polar-drive' implosions on the NIF.

Main Results:

  • LDD research encompasses cryogenic implosions, material properties, hydrodynamics, and laser-plasma interactions.
  • NIF research focuses on energy coupling and laser-plasma interactions in ignition-scale plasmas.
  • Research spans a wide range of energy, power, and scale sizes, mitigating scaling risks.

Conclusions:

  • The combined research at Omega and NIF provides a robust platform for LDD development.
  • Continued LDD research aims to achieve a burning plasma in a laboratory setting.
  • This work contributes to the broader goal of high-gain inertial fusion energy.