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The process of converting very light nuclei into heavier nuclei is also accompanied by the conversion of mass into large amounts of energy, a process called fusion. The principal source of energy in the sun is a net fusion reaction in which four hydrogen nuclei fuse and ultimately produce one helium nucleus and two positrons.
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Whole-beam self-focusing in fusion-relevant plasma.

B T Spiers1, M P Hill2, C Brown2

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|December 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created long, straight plasma channels essential for fast ignition inertial confinement fusion. This overcomes a key challenge in developing fusion energy by enabling efficient laser propagation and fast electron generation.

Keywords:
fast ignitioninertial confinement fusionlaser–plasma interactionsplasma channellingproton radiographysynthetic diagnostics

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Fusion Energy
  • Laser-Plasma Interactions

Background:

  • Fast ignition inertial confinement fusion (ICF) requires low-density plasma channels for efficient laser propagation.
  • These channels are crucial for generating fast electrons to ignite fusion fuel.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically characterize laser-produced plasma channels.
  • To investigate magnetic fields associated with channel formation.
  • To validate experimental findings with simulations.

Main Methods:

  • Optical interferometry for plasma channel characterization.
  • Proton radiography for probing magnetic fields.
  • Comparison with 3D hydrodynamic and particle-in-cell simulations.

Main Results:

  • Observations of long-lived, straight plasma channels.
  • Channels produced via the Habara-Kodama-Tanaka whole-beam self-focusing mechanism.
  • Experimental magnetic field structures compared with simulation results.

Conclusions:

  • The Habara-Kodama-Tanaka mechanism enables the creation of stable plasma channels.
  • This overcomes a critical barrier for fast ignition ICF.
  • The findings advance prospects for high-gain inertial fusion energy.