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Functionalized Cellulose Nanocrystals for Cellular Labeling and Bioimaging.

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Chemically modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with near-infrared dyes offer superior photostability for advanced cell labeling and long-term imaging in various cell types.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are natural nanomaterials with potential applications in bioimaging.
  • Existing imaging agents often lack sufficient photostability for long-term cell tracking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate novel CNC derivatives for cell labeling and imaging.
  • To assess the photostability, cytocompatibility, and cellular uptake of these new CNCs.

Main Methods:

  • Chemical modification of CNCs by covalently tethering PEGylated biotin and perylenediimide (PDI)-based near-infrared dye.
  • Evaluation of PDI-labeled CNCs' photostability under high-intensity illumination.
  • Assessment of CNC derivatives' cytocompatibility and labeling efficiency in J774A.1 macrophages, NIH-3T3 fibroblasts, HeLa cells, and primary murine dendritic cells.
  • Microscopic analysis of CNC internalization and localization within cells.

Main Results:

  • PDI-labeled CNCs exhibited superior photostability compared to commercial dyes.
  • All CNC derivatives demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility across tested cell lines.
  • Efficient, dose-dependent cell labeling was achieved with the CNC derivatives.
  • CNCs were internalized and localized in the cytoplasm near the perinuclear region.

Conclusions:

  • Developed CNC derivatives are suitable for effective labeling and imaging of diverse cell lines and primary cells.
  • The enhanced photostability of PDI-labeled CNCs enables long-time tracking applications.
  • These novel nanomaterials hold promise for advanced cellular studies and diagnostics.