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Leprosy in Singapore.

T Tan1

  • 1Middle Road Hospital, Singapore.

Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore
|October 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Leprosy incidence in Singapore is decreasing, with most new cases in individuals over 50. Dapsone resistance led to the adoption of multidrug therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Leprosy (Hansen's disease) remains a public health concern globally.
  • Understanding disease trends and resistance patterns is crucial for effective control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the epidemiological trends of leprosy in Singapore over the past two decades.
  • To identify demographic and clinical characteristics of new leprosy cases.
  • To assess the impact of dapsone resistance and the implementation of multidrug therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of leprosy case data in Singapore.
  • Examination of demographic information, including age, sex, and ethnicity.
  • Review of clinical presentation, leprosy types, and drug resistance patterns.

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Main Results:

  • A declining trend in leprosy incidence over 20 years.
  • Predominance of cases in individuals over 50 years old; no cases in children under 5 since 1970.
  • Higher incidence in males (2:1 ratio) and individuals of Indian ethnicity, with a higher proportion presenting with tuberculoid leprosy (50.4% in the last decade).
  • Household contacts remain a significant source of case detection (3-13.5%).
  • Confirmation of dapsone resistance since 1969, with an average incidence of 2.9 per thousand clinically diagnosed resistant cases annually.

Conclusions:

  • Leprosy epidemiology in Singapore shows a decreasing trend, with a shift towards older age groups.
  • Tuberculoid leprosy and dapsone resistance necessitate ongoing surveillance and adaptation of treatment regimens.
  • Multidrug therapy has been instituted to combat dapsone resistance and manage leprosy effectively.