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Thermodynamic Systems01:06

Thermodynamic Systems

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A thermodynamic system is a set of objects whose thermodynamic properties are of interest. The system is considered to be embedded in its surroundings or the environment. The system and its environment can exchange heat and do work on each other through a boundary that separates them. However, the immediate surroundings of the system interact with it directly and therefore have a much stronger influence on its behavior and properties.
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Thermodynamic Potentials01:26

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Thermodynamic potentials are state functions that are extremely useful in analyzing a thermodynamic system. They have dimensions of energy. The four important thermodynamic potentials are internal energy, enthalpy, Helmholtz free energy, and Gibbs free energy. These thermodynamic potentials can be expressed using two of the following variables: pressure, volume, temperature, and entropy. These two variables are expressed as the rate of change of the thermodynamic potential with respect to other...
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Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
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Maxwell's Thermodynamic Relations01:23

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Maxwell's thermodynamic relations are very useful in solving problems in thermodynamics. Each of Maxwell's relations relates a partial differential between quantities that can be hard to measure experimentally to a partial differential between quantities that can be easily measured. These relations are a set of equations derivable from the symmetry of the second derivatives and the thermodynamic potentials.
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Neural circuits and neuronal pools are two of the main structures found in the nervous system. Neural circuits are networks of neurons that work together to carry out a specific task or process. They consist of interconnected neurons and glial cells, which provide structural and metabolic support.
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Thermodynamic Neural Network.

Todd Hylton1

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a self-organizing neural network model that transports charge using thermodynamic principles. It demonstrates how conserving and dissipating physical quantities drives organization in open systems.

Keywords:
causal learningdissipative adaptationmultiscale complex systemsneural networksopen thermodynamic systemsself-organizationthermodynamic evolution

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Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Complex Systems

Background:

  • Understanding self-organization in open thermodynamic systems is crucial.
  • Neural network models offer a framework for complex system dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a thermodynamically motivated neural network model for self-organization.
  • To investigate charge transport and multiscale order formation in response to potentials.

Main Methods:

  • Integrating rapid, reversible node equilibration with slow, irreversible edge adaptation.
  • Utilizing local interactions within generic and recurrent network structures.
  • Modeling systems in contact with a thermal reservoir.

Main Results:

  • The model exhibits multiscale dynamics in isolated networks.
  • Externally driven networks efficiently connect potentials.
  • Demonstrated self-organization driven by transport and dissipation of conserved quantities.

Conclusions:

  • The transport and dissipation of conserved physical quantities are key drivers of self-organization in open thermodynamic systems.
  • The developed model provides a framework for understanding emergent order from local interactions and thermodynamic principles.