Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Maxwell's Thermodynamic Relations01:23

Maxwell's Thermodynamic Relations

4.0K
Maxwell's thermodynamic relations are very useful in solving problems in thermodynamics. Each of Maxwell's relations relates a partial differential between quantities that can be hard to measure experimentally to a partial differential between quantities that can be easily measured. These relations are a set of equations derivable from the symmetry of the second derivatives and the thermodynamic potentials.
All thermodynamic potentials are exact differentials. Therefore, their second-order...
4.0K
Entropy02:39

Entropy

33.6K
Salt particles that have dissolved in water never spontaneously come back together in solution to reform solid particles. Moreover, a gas that has expanded in a vacuum remains dispersed and never spontaneously reassembles. The unidirectional nature of these phenomena is the result of a thermodynamic state function called entropy (S). Entropy is the measure of the extent to which the energy is dispersed throughout a system, or in other words, it is proportional to the degree of disorder of a...
33.6K
Entropy01:18

Entropy

3.2K
The first law of thermodynamics is quantitatively formulated via an equation relating the internal energy of a system, the heat exchanged by it, and the work done on it. A quantitative formulation of the second law of thermodynamics leads to defining a state function, the entropy.
When an ideal gas expands isothermally, the disorder in the gas increases. From the molecular perspective, the gas molecules have more volume to move around in.
Consider an infinitesimal step in the expansion, which...
3.2K
Second Law of Thermodynamics02:49

Second Law of Thermodynamics

26.0K
In the quest to identify a property that may reliably predict the spontaneity of a process, a promising candidate has been identified: entropy. Processes that involve an increase in entropy of the system (ΔS > 0) are very often spontaneous; however, examples to the contrary are plentiful. By expanding consideration of entropy changes to include the surroundings, a significant conclusion regarding the relation between this property and spontaneity may be reached. In thermodynamic models, the...
26.0K
Second Law of Thermodynamics00:53

Second Law of Thermodynamics

66.4K
The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that entropy, or the amount of disorder in a system, increases each time energy is transferred or transformed. Each energy transfer results in a certain amount of energy that is lost—usually in the form of heat—that increases the disorder of the surroundings. This can also be demonstrated in a classic food web. Herbivores harvest chemical energy from plants and release heat and carbon dioxide into the environment. Carnivores harvest the...
66.4K
Clausius-Clapeyron Equation02:35

Clausius-Clapeyron Equation

61.4K
The equilibrium between a liquid and its vapor depends on the temperature of the system; a rise in temperature causes a corresponding rise in the vapor pressure of its liquid. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation gives the quantitative relation between a substance’s vapor pressure (P) and its temperature (T); it predicts the rate at which vapor pressure increases per unit increase in temperature.
61.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Carnot Cycles in a Harmonically Confined Ultracold Gas across Bose-Einstein Condensation.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

Thermodynamic Derivation of Scaling at the Liquid-Vapor Critical Point.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2021
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 27, 2025

Differential Scanning Calorimetry — A Method for Assessing the Thermal Stability and Conformation of Protein Antigen
08:13

Differential Scanning Calorimetry — A Method for Assessing the Thermal Stability and Conformation of Protein Antigen

Published on: March 4, 2017

39.8K

Derivation of the Critical Point Scaling Hypothesis Using Thermodynamics Only.

Víctor Romero-Rochín1

  • 1Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 20-364, 01000 Ciudad de México, Mexico.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals a critical point in magnetic Ising-like systems where isothermal susceptibility diverges. Near this point, entropy and free energies exhibit scaling behavior, offering insights into critical exponents using thermodynamics.

Keywords:
critical exponentscritical phenomenascaling hypothesis

More Related Videos

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

8.8K
Submillisecond Conformational Changes in Proteins Resolved by Photothermal Beam Deflection
10:02

Submillisecond Conformational Changes in Proteins Resolved by Photothermal Beam Deflection

Published on: February 18, 2014

9.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 27, 2025

Differential Scanning Calorimetry — A Method for Assessing the Thermal Stability and Conformation of Protein Antigen
08:13

Differential Scanning Calorimetry — A Method for Assessing the Thermal Stability and Conformation of Protein Antigen

Published on: March 4, 2017

39.8K
An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

8.8K
Submillisecond Conformational Changes in Proteins Resolved by Photothermal Beam Deflection
10:02

Submillisecond Conformational Changes in Proteins Resolved by Photothermal Beam Deflection

Published on: February 18, 2014

9.3K

Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Understanding phase transitions in magnetic systems is crucial for materials science.
  • The Ising model provides a fundamental framework for studying magnetism.
  • Thermodynamic principles govern the behavior of systems at equilibrium.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify critical points in magnetic Ising-like systems.
  • To investigate the scaling behavior of thermodynamic quantities near critical points.
  • To explore the possibility of determining critical exponents using only thermodynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Application of thermodynamic foundations.
  • Analysis of equilibrium conditions for two-phase coexistence.
  • Examination of isothermal susceptibility and specific heat.
  • Investigation of entropy and free energy scaling.

Main Results:

  • Identification of a critical point characterized by diverging isothermal susceptibility.
  • Observation that specific heat may remain finite at the critical point.
  • Demonstration that entropy and free energies obey scaling laws near the critical point.

Conclusions:

  • Thermodynamics alone can predict critical phenomena in magnetic Ising-like systems.
  • The study highlights the universality of critical exponents.
  • Precise values of critical exponents can be determined through thermodynamic analysis.